Post by Caipira on Nov 30, 2003 18:54:38 GMT -5
First of all, generally some people use to say that is a stupidity discuss race. I really became a little angry when some stupid people came into this guestbook and say that is stupid talk about race. My father is a doctor and he knows how important discuss race is. How can we ignore that some diseases are tipically white and others are tipically black? If we ignore race the entire medical science would lost... Not just doctors need to study races, but dentists ( because a black mouth is diferent from a white mouth and if a dentist wants to make a decent and well-done threatment, he needs to study human anatomy and race morfological diferences ) biologists and others...
I´m a biology student and I like very much genetic classes. Probably, I will work with this area. Somo sicentists, like Sérgio Danilo pena, tryed to "prove" that brazilian people are all mixed-race types, collecting DNAmt and Y chromossomes from "suspect" white people from "suspect" places. But according Mark D. Shriver, the Penn State geneticist who is a leading expert on racial admixture in the U.S., those "studies" had such an obvious political agenda that it was hard to take seriously. Other studies ( real studies ) were done in the past, with diferent conclusion. Yes, we have a lot of mixed-race types in Brazil. White/Black, White/Indian, White/Asian, Black/Indian... But is not wright saying that all brazilian people are mixed-race! Brazilian white people are really Caucasian, and brazilian black people are really Negroid. According to our census, mixed-race types are about 40% of brazilian population...
Krieger study
White northeastern brazilian ( the most mixed-race white types of Brazil ): 70% European, 18% African, 12% Indian
Black northeastern brazilian: 67% African, 28% European and 5% Indian
Lisker and Babinsky study
White southern brazilian (the less mixed-race white types of Brazil): 92% European, 8% African, 0% Amerindian
Black southern brazilian: 73% African, 5% Amerindian and 22% European
Note that afro-brazilian are very similar to afro american, with abou 25%-30% non-african genes. White brazilian people have between 70% to 92% white genes. A good number would be 81%. So, white brazilian people have 19% of admixture. Look at some european study:
I. Mongoloid and Negroid Ancestry
Asian lineages were much more prevalent than sub-Saharan lineages, detected even in the Southern and Western groups, mainly because Mongoloids entered Europe as migrants long ago, while Negroids came only recently as slaves and thus in smaller numbers with less access to natives for intermarriage. Northeastern Europe was by far most affected by the Asian ancestry, which is correlated with Finno-Ugrian migrations from the Arctic and Siberia occurring c. 4000 years ago, and possibly also with later invasions. Indeed, it comprises a principal component of genetic variation in Europe.
NATIONALITY ADMIXTURE
Lapps 47.4%
Finns 30.0%
Lithuanians* 23.5%
Estonians 22.7%
Latvians* 16.0%
Russians 13.2%
Turks 5.9%
Ukrainians* 5.5%
Swedes 5.5%
Bulgarians 4.9%
Portuguese 4.6%
Norwegians 3.5%
Czechs* 3.0%
Danes 2.9%
Frenchmen 2.9%
Poles* 2.5%
Italians 2.1%
Spaniards 2.1%
Slovakians* 2.0%
Greeks 2.0%
Armenians* 1.5%
Germans 1.3%
Belarusians* 1.0%
Yugoslavians* 1.0%
Icelanders .6%
Britons .4%
Scots .3%
Irishmen
* D.N.A. mt
So brazilian white people are more "pure" than some european types like Lapps, Fynns, Lithuanians and Estonians... Interesting, isn´t it?
Caipira...
I´m a biology student and I like very much genetic classes. Probably, I will work with this area. Somo sicentists, like Sérgio Danilo pena, tryed to "prove" that brazilian people are all mixed-race types, collecting DNAmt and Y chromossomes from "suspect" white people from "suspect" places. But according Mark D. Shriver, the Penn State geneticist who is a leading expert on racial admixture in the U.S., those "studies" had such an obvious political agenda that it was hard to take seriously. Other studies ( real studies ) were done in the past, with diferent conclusion. Yes, we have a lot of mixed-race types in Brazil. White/Black, White/Indian, White/Asian, Black/Indian... But is not wright saying that all brazilian people are mixed-race! Brazilian white people are really Caucasian, and brazilian black people are really Negroid. According to our census, mixed-race types are about 40% of brazilian population...
Krieger study
White northeastern brazilian ( the most mixed-race white types of Brazil ): 70% European, 18% African, 12% Indian
Black northeastern brazilian: 67% African, 28% European and 5% Indian
Lisker and Babinsky study
White southern brazilian (the less mixed-race white types of Brazil): 92% European, 8% African, 0% Amerindian
Black southern brazilian: 73% African, 5% Amerindian and 22% European
Note that afro-brazilian are very similar to afro american, with abou 25%-30% non-african genes. White brazilian people have between 70% to 92% white genes. A good number would be 81%. So, white brazilian people have 19% of admixture. Look at some european study:
I. Mongoloid and Negroid Ancestry
Asian lineages were much more prevalent than sub-Saharan lineages, detected even in the Southern and Western groups, mainly because Mongoloids entered Europe as migrants long ago, while Negroids came only recently as slaves and thus in smaller numbers with less access to natives for intermarriage. Northeastern Europe was by far most affected by the Asian ancestry, which is correlated with Finno-Ugrian migrations from the Arctic and Siberia occurring c. 4000 years ago, and possibly also with later invasions. Indeed, it comprises a principal component of genetic variation in Europe.
NATIONALITY ADMIXTURE
Lapps 47.4%
Finns 30.0%
Lithuanians* 23.5%
Estonians 22.7%
Latvians* 16.0%
Russians 13.2%
Turks 5.9%
Ukrainians* 5.5%
Swedes 5.5%
Bulgarians 4.9%
Portuguese 4.6%
Norwegians 3.5%
Czechs* 3.0%
Danes 2.9%
Frenchmen 2.9%
Poles* 2.5%
Italians 2.1%
Spaniards 2.1%
Slovakians* 2.0%
Greeks 2.0%
Armenians* 1.5%
Germans 1.3%
Belarusians* 1.0%
Yugoslavians* 1.0%
Icelanders .6%
Britons .4%
Scots .3%
Irishmen
* D.N.A. mt
So brazilian white people are more "pure" than some european types like Lapps, Fynns, Lithuanians and Estonians... Interesting, isn´t it?
Caipira...